Abstract: Serving members of the armed forces, veterans, and their families are within the scope of the Covenant. The Scottish Government and all 32 local authorities in Scotland support the Covenant. An annual report is presented, as required by statute, to the UK Parliament. Within that report are specific sections giving updates on progress; one of these sections is devoted to education in Scotland. New legislation, and its associated statutory guidance will emphasise the requirement that identified authorities, including housing, education and health have obligations to have due regard to the terms of the Covenant. This report provides an overview of the numbers of armed forces children at national and local authority level, together with a review of how some authorities have responded to the needs of this part of the pupil population. It therefore marks a start point in explaining how Scotland as a whole and individual Councils are meeting the expectations of the Covenant and the associated responsibilities envisaged by statute. The rationale for this report is that over the years, much has been learned about the nature of the armed forces children’s population in Scotland. The time is now right to bring that information together to identify where there are gaps in our knowledge, to create questions and to make recommendations to guide the next stages of development.