Beyond the battlefield: Exploring LGBTQ+ service members’ and Veterans’ perception of the nature of military experiences and leadership

Abstract:The experiences of LGBTQ+ military personnel in the U.S. military have been informed by developing policies and societal behaviors. While major strides have been made, especially post the reversal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT) and the 2016 decision that allowed LGBTQ+ personnel to serve openly, the need for a deeper understanding of the complex challenges faced by LGBTQ+ individuals in the military persists. This study highlights the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ service members and veterans, via a close observation of the impacts of policy changes, leadership practices, and systemic hurdles over the recent decades. Utilizing a narrative research methodology, the study explores the perceptions of LGBTQ+ veterans who were in service during and after the DADT era. It examines how transitioning policies influenced their mental and physical well-being and assesses their views on the position military leadership embodies when fostering inclusive environments. The results show existing challenges, which also include non-uniform policy. Application impeded access to LGBTQ+ healthcare, and persisting discrimination within the strict hierarchical ecosystem of the military. Participants discussed the pivotal position of leadership in creating inclusivity, observing that leaders, who tend to facilitate significantly enhanced their experiences, while an absence of training and awareness furthered stigmatization. The research emphasizes the significance of diversity training, thorough implementation of inclusive policies, and the evolution of robust facilitation systems to help fulfill the unique needs of LGBTQ+ personnel. This study adds to the existing literature by encapsulating the complexities of LGBTQ+ military experiences and extending actionable recommendations for increasing inclusivity. Its results endeavor to shape future policy reforms and advocate for an army ecosystem that fully accepts and facilitates all who serve, providing equity, well-being, and effectiveness in service.