Abstract: US military veterans face significant mental health challenges when reintegrating back into society and often seek out alternative treatments. Research shows that animal interactions, such as animal-assisted interventions (AAI), can help support veteran wellbeing; however, AAI programs vary regarding their main elements, including animals, people, activities, locations, and durations. To optimize the benefits received from these interventions, it is important to explore veterans’ preferences for these elements and factors that predict their participation and having a positive experience in an AAI. Thus, a survey was created and distributed online to US veterans to assess risk factors associated with a positive AAI experience and interest in participating in a future AAI. Factors explored in the survey included veteran service and health, perception of interventions, previous animal experience, and veteran demographic information. Most respondents who resided in Texas (47.5%) were male (73.0%), with a mean age of 37.9 years (SD = 13.1). Results were that the veterans preferred AAIs to occur outdoors, be unstructured, and involve one-on-one interactions with adoptable animals for longer than 30 min. Fisher Exact tests indicated that a positive AAI experience reported by veterans (n = 94) was associated with education level (p = 0.047), yearly household income (p = 0.029), and petting satisfaction level (p = 0.002). Additionally, logistic regression results identified that veterans were more likely to indicate interest in participating in a future AAI (n = 133) if they had served in combat (p = 0.009), but the likelihood of participating in the future decreased as their age increased (p < 0.001). These results can be used to guide future research to identify ways to develop AAI programs that encourage veteran participation and promote positive experiences.