Abstract: Purpose: Investigate the usage of lower extremity prostheses among U.S. veterans, focusing on potentially modifiable factors such as pain, weight, comorbidities, and skin issues, and analyze prosthesis use among subpopulations. Secondly, describe veteran prosthesis provision. Materials and methods: 10-year retrospective cohort study (2011–2021) using data from 300 randomly selected U.S. veterans receiving care at a single amputation clinic. Self-reported prosthesis usage was the primary outcome. We conducted bivariate analyses and multivariate regressions to determine associations between prosthesis usage and the proposed variables. Results: Sex, etiology, smoking, comorbidities, and amputation characteristics had significant associations with usage. Pain and body weight had significant but weak associations with usage. Participants weighing ≤170 lbs. reported exacerbated pain. Veterans demonstrated higher daily prosthesis usage than the general population. Veterans with lower functional levels received prostheses predominantly from VA providers, while those with higher levels were referred to non-VA vendors, with no difference in issuance rate. Conclusions: Despite higher risk for usage barriers, U.S. veterans showed increased prosthesis usage. Additional research may elucidate whether nutritional, strength, volume, or tissue differences affected the indirect worsening of pain with low body weight. Holistic peri-amputation care should address nutrition and health conditions to optimize functionality and wellness postamputation.