Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health threat in Ukraine, with 20 991 persons with TB reported in 2023, and an estimated incidence of 112 per 100 000 persons. Drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) is of concern: 27% of newly diagnosed TB infections in Ukraine were caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis carrying resistance to rifampicin, or rifampicin and isoniazid (multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)). Additionally, 27% of these isolates exhibited additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (pre-XDR-TB) or combined fluoroquinolone and bedaquiline and/or linezolid resistance, thus classified as extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). Germany is providing military training to Ukrainian soldiers on its territory. Upon arrival, all soldiers undergo chest radiograph (CXR) screening for pulmonary TB disease (PTB) at the military hospitals in Berlin, Hamburg or Koblenz. Persons with positive screening undergo non-enhanced computed tomography (NE-CT) and, if the NE-CT is positive, subsequently undergo PCR, smear microscopy and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST). In cases where sputum diagnostics remain negative, despite radiological findings highly suggestive of PTB, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is performed. Due to the high number of soldiers requiring screening within a very short timeframe and the limited personnel, no symptom-based screening is performed. Here, we retrospectively analyse our active case-finding initiative. This study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Berlin Medical Association (Eth-10/24).