Abstract:The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), introduced a dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (DS-PTSD), which is characterized by depersonalization and derealization, greater symptom complexity and comorbidity, and poorer engagement or response to standard trauma-focused therapies. A recent meta-analysis found that 48.1% (95% CI =35.0%–61.3%) of individuals with PTSD have DS-PTSD, suggesting that dissociative symptoms may be more central to PTSD than previously understood. Although veterans with dissociative symptoms have higher prevalence of co-occurring depression, anxiety, substance use, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors, DS-PTSD can often go undetected, as widely used self-report tools such as the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) do not assess dissociative symptoms.