Abstract: Each year, many of the more than 150,000 active-duty service members transitioning out of the U.S. military need to find civilian jobs. The ease or difficulty of the military-to-civilian transition can have significant effects on veterans' lives and those of their families. In addition to financial stability, a good job can offer positive social interaction, a sense of purpose, and a chance to develop or hone skills— all elements that were likely fulfilled in the military. To learn more about how veterans are supported during their transitions from the military to civilian employment, RAND researchers conducted two studies on the existing landscape of support for veteran employment. The first study focuses on federal initiatives. Each year, the federal government invests more than $13 billion in military-to-civilian employment transition support programs, but there is relatively little information about how these funds are spent and how effective the federal programs are in improving veterans' job outcomes. The second study turns to nonprofit organizations to understand the ways in which they work with and supplement federal efforts to support military-to-civilian transitions. Together, these studies offer an overview of the system of supports available to transitioning veterans, including both the system’s strengths and opportunities for improvement. The results suggest ways that policymakers and organization leaders can enhance and maintain services for veterans who aim to secure meaningful work after their time in the military.