Effect of yoga regimen on the lung capacity of defence personnel deployed at high altitude area

Abstract: Background: High-altitude survival is difficult due to low oxygen levels. Good lung function and oxygen saturation are essential for optimum health. India's northern borders, characterized by mountainous terrain, remain vulnerable to infiltrators and enemies. Defence personnel assigned to these areas often face health challenges due to sudden shifts from low to high altitudes. Therefore, proper acclimatization is vital. Studies suggest yoga improves lung function and oxygen saturation, aiding adaptation. Objective: This study explores whether the regular practice of yoga can help defence personnel stay prepared for high-altitude deployment by examining lung function, oxygen saturation, and heart rate. Method: The present study, using a single-group pre-post design, evaluated the effectiveness of a yogic training program consisting of 50-min sessions administered over 20 consecutive days to twenty-two defence personnel deployed in a high-altitude area. The assessments for various Lung Function, Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate were conducted before and after the intervention. Results: The results demonstrated significant improvement in lung function and SPO2. Statistically significant improvements were observed in expiratory flow rate (p < 0.001), bhramari time (p < 0.001), breath-holding time (p < 0.001), oxygen saturation (p < 0.001), and heart rate (p = 0.033). Conclusions: Yogic practices-especially postures with breath awareness, breathing techniques, and mindfulness-significantly enhance lung function, including breath-holding and oxygen saturation. Integrating yoga into defence personnel routines may boost tolerance to hypoxia and improve operational performance. Further research is needed to assess yoga's impact on physical and mental fitness in high-altitude conditions.